Olivenza has a unique historical background that sets it apart from other Spanish towns. Originally founded by the Knights Templar in the 13th century, the city was a part of Portugal until the early 19th century when it was officially annexed by Spain following the Treaty of Badajoz in 1801. This rich mix of Spanish and Portuguese rule is still evident today in the town’s dual-language street signs, architecture, and cultural practices.
The city has long been a symbol of the historical tension between Spain and Portugal, yet it also stands as a testament to their shared history and cultural convergence. The local culture is a fascinating blend of Spanish and Portuguese traditions, with vibrant festivals celebrating both countries’ customs. One of the most notable events is the “Fiestas de San Juan,” a summer festival that fills the streets with music, dancing, and fireworks. Additionally, Olivenza celebrates its Portuguese heritage during various cultural festivals that highlight traditional Portuguese music and food.
Olivenza’s historical landmarks further tell the story of its dual identity. The town’s fortress, built during the Portuguese reign, along with its medieval bridge, are just a few of the historical relics that provide insight into Olivenza’s multicultural past. The city’s historical significance, combined with its thriving local traditions, makes it a destination that feels both timeless and alive with cultural energy.