The economy of Bermeo has long been centered around the fishing industry, and even today, it remains one of the most important fishing ports in the Basque Country. The town is known for its catch of tuna and anchovies, which are processed locally and exported to other parts of Spain and Europe. This maritime industry continues to shape the economy, with shipbuilding, fishing-related services, and canning factories playing a vital role.
In recent years, tourism has emerged as another key economic driver for Bermeo, with visitors attracted to its natural beauty, cultural festivals, and historical landmarks. The proximity to the Urdaibai Biosphere Reserve and the famous San Juan de Gaztelugatxe have helped put Bermeo on the map as a desirable destination for eco-tourism and heritage tourism.
The town also supports smaller industries, including agriculture, particularly in the surrounding rural areas where vineyards and farms produce local products such as txakoli, a lightly sparkling white wine that is a hallmark of the region.