Cuenca has a long and fascinating history that stretches back to its origins as a Moorish fortress in the 8th century. Conquered by the Christians in the 12th century, the city has preserved much of its medieval character, particularly in the old town, which features winding streets and ancient stone buildings. The Christian reconquest transformed Cuenca into an important religious and textile production center during the Middle Ages. The city grew in significance as a bishopric, and its cathedral, begun in 1182, remains one of the most important architectural landmarks.
Culturally, Cuenca has been shaped by a blend of Roman, Moorish, and Christian influences. This is evident in the city’s many festivals and traditions, the most notable being Semana Santa (Holy Week), which features solemn religious processions through the narrow streets of the old town. Cuenca is also known for its vibrant arts scene, which includes the prestigious International Music Week and the Contemporary Art Museum located in the historic Casas Colgadas.
Local customs in Cuenca are rooted in religious and rural traditions. The city’s unique identity is preserved in its folk music, traditional dances, and community festivals, many of which take place in the beautiful setting of the Plaza Mayor or in the natural surroundings of nearby parks and rivers.