Bermeo’s history is deeply tied to the sea, as it has been a major fishing port in the Basque region for centuries. The town was founded in 1236 and has since played a significant role in the maritime trade of the northern Spanish coast. Throughout its history, Bermeo has survived various invasions and conflicts, including Viking raids in the early medieval period and pirate attacks in later centuries. Its strong maritime tradition has shaped the local culture, and fishing continues to be an important part of Bermeo’s identity.
Culturally, Bermeo is known for its rich Basque heritage, which includes the Euskara language, traditional Basque festivals, and deep-rooted customs. One of the town’s most famous events is the “Arrantzale Eguna” (Fishermen’s Day), a celebration that honors the town’s fishing community with parades, music, and cultural performances. The town also hosts the “San Juan” festivities, where locals light bonfires, dance, and celebrate the summer solstice, another important tradition in Basque culture.
Bermeo is also famous for its proximity to San Juan de Gaztelugatxe, a small island with a historic hermitage, which has gained international fame thanks to its appearance in popular television series. The island, steeped in local legends, attracts many visitors who come to climb the stone steps to the chapel and enjoy the stunning views of the Atlantic Ocean.