Alcalá de Henares has a long and storied history dating back to the Roman era when it was known as Complutum. The city was later an important Moorish settlement before being reconquered by Christian forces in the 11th century. However, it was during the Renaissance that Alcalá truly flourished, thanks to the founding of the Universidad de Alcalá in 1499 by Cardinal Cisneros. This university became one of Europe’s leading centers of learning, attracting scholars from across the continent and contributing to the spread of Spanish culture and knowledge.
The city is perhaps most famous for being the birthplace of Miguel de Cervantes, author of Don Quixote, one of the most important works of world literature. Cervantes’ legacy is celebrated annually with the Festival de la Palabra, a literary festival that brings together writers, scholars, and artists to celebrate Spanish language and literature. Alcalá also hosts a Cervantes week every October, where the city’s streets fill with period costumes, parades, and theater performances inspired by Spain’s Golden Age.
Local customs and traditions are deeply rooted in the city’s cultural fabric. The Holy Week processions, one of the most important religious events of the year, are a highlight for both locals and visitors. The city’s rich history, preserved in its architecture and traditions, provides a fascinating cultural experience for anyone interested in Spain’s historical evolution.